V. Sokovnin

The law of actual demonstration of body and appearance

There is no better exercise for a researcher
than shaking up his favorite hypothesis
every morning before breakfast.
Conrad Lorenz

Hypothesis

Every living thing follows a general law which can be briefly formulated the following way: fascinative communicatively demonstrative behavior, together with communicatively informative one, is a general function of living substances starting from plants and viruses up to human beings. Actual demonstration of body and appearance, information and fascination - that's the complex which allows living systems to carry out homeostatic interactions, make “management decisions” and realize “management interactions”. Life, natural selection, any social and sociable communities are impossible without this communicatively attractive complex.

It is the hypothesis of the ”law of actual demonstration of body and appearance” which I am shaking up throughout 2 years and it seems more and more correct to me.

C.Lorenz writes in his famous book “Aggression. The so called evil.”: ”When I …started studying colorful fish from the coral reefs in aquarium, I was attracted not only by aesthetic joy of their enchanting beauty, but I was drawn by a flair for interesting biological problems. First of all, the question arose: for what purpose is this fish so bright?” I asked myself a similar question when I got deeper in the problem of communicatively demonstrative display of body and appearance by animals and human beings. Actual material about demonstration of body and appearance is vast and in the human society it is also supplemented with a behavior of practically every person who is worried about “how he looks like”, about almost everyday smartening up and carefully emphasizing his best body features and appearance peculiarities. Demonstration of body and appearance by people is so diverse and polyphonic that their list and description would make up more that one book (although, of course, science will be faced with this task). And attempts of description and classification of demonstrative behavior were made more that once.

Just human aspiration for looking “exclusively” which has been widely spread recently and fantastic efforts made sometimes for this purpose suggest an idea of some general law of biological and social life, which is concerned with communicative body demonstrativeness.

Most likely, it is no coincidence that Pierre Teyar chose in his time “sympathy-antipathy”, “aspiration for attraction” as the basic characteristics of all living things which are strengthening in their meaning for social life as the living substances are getting more complicated in terms of intellect, and which are already acquiring more important role in contemporary civilization than economic relations. The question which is not as simple as it seems arises: for what reason demonstrative behavior forms came into existence in the process of biological and social evolution and took such an important place in the behavior of animals and human beings?

The answer is partly received by etiologists, and Conrad Lorenz performed outstanding services in this sphere: many (but by no means all!) demonstrative forms are used by animals first of all for recognizing a rival and ritualizing a fight, in order to lower the risks of wounds and loss of life from direct aggression. His Majesty the Law of Natural Selection says: “What class saving function caused their emergence?…As for wonderful fighting coloration of coral fish, we definitely know, what special meaning it has: it causes furious impulse of its counterpart (only its!) to defend its parcel if it is on its own territory, and this coloration also frightens and warns another fish about fighting trim of its owner, if this fish broke into its territory…Both coral fish coloration and nightingale's song are destined to warn their counterparts from a distance - as they apply to them only - that this local territory already has its strong and warlike owner. ”

But if we exceed the limits of aggressive behavior, then just simple observation shows existence of demonstrative forms in one more sphere, which is very important for survival and saving of the kind, - reproduction of population and all things related to it. So the question “for what purpose?” is very topical. If C.Lorenz used induction in search of explanation of bright coral fish coloration and ritualized forms of fight among competing individuals, I had to choose another way – a logical one. Realizing that written statements and argumentation always suffer inevitable simplification and sometimes subjective inconsistency, I still dare to reproduce the logic of searching the answer.

  Discrete plurality if living things

I ‘d like to start with an axiom which, if it is false, destroys all the building of logical construction. This axiom seems to be experimental and theoretical basis stated by human mind: all living things have a discretely dispersional nature, i.e. exist as spatial and temporal ‘'detachments'' which are sharply separated from environment and which interact with changing surroundings through metabolism, supporting their survival and stability by homeostasis within the organism.

What is discretion and dispersion? The term “discretion” in present context can be understanded as “detachment”, “singleness”. Dispersion is, according to V.I.Vernadsky, a “sharp delimitation from environment, in which they represent a kind of independent, permanently moving, sharply isolated from surroundings geometric bodies” with size from 10 -6 to 10 3 sm.

In other words, it is a clear spatial limitation of the organism by an outside capsule, it is a corporality of a living substance, it is what can be called “individual”(of course, only in organically corporal sense). If “the life starts from a cell”, from this “natural life grain”, then this level of living matter organization displays both discretion and dispersion or simpler, as Pier Teyar de Charden said - “granular life”.

From discretion and dispersion necessary flows the second existential of all living things – plurality of the organisms in naturally determined progression: the smaller is the organism, the more the power of its plurality is. The cell can exist and reproduce itself, as Pier Teyar fairly noted, only within the bounds of the “myriad” power according to the principle “small by size and large by number”, while the existence of whales and elephants is limited by “thousand” power.

These powers are inessential for our discussion, the main thing is the fact of discrete organisms existence by means of the method of reproducing plurality. In fact, the only discrete organism, if it arose on Earth, would be limited in its existence by the time of metabolism dampening. Reliable, continuous reproduction of “singleness” is necessary. Without it one can't speak of its existence in time, of its evolution.

The following conclusion results from this: discretion must be reproduced as changeable, adapting, invariant identity, as some self-reproducing matrix. In other words, discrete organisms within the limits of the variety should be identical, resembling each other; it secures their reproduction in time. Changeability in its turn is vital for adaptation to the changing environment, it is changeability of separate functions and organs within the bounds of stable plural identity. Striving for survival and stability “variety of discretions” received the name “living kind” in biology.

Thus, simplifying the received model of the living things, one can say that all living substances are discretely dispersional, they exist as a variety (a class), and it secures their individual and class survival and continuation of their existence for a long time, at least until some catastrophic for this class changes in the environment occur.

If the above said is fair, then a question of great importance arises: how must “discrete variety” survive, in order to reproduce itself as an identity and adapting stability? In other words, it is a question of bonds and interactions of living discretions, that are put by the will of life and natural selection in conditions of existing among their counterparts and among other “discrete varieties”: neutral, friendly and hostile.

The phenomenon of recognition

Pier Teyar de Charden asserted that existence of living units (granules) within the bounds of symbiosis in the variety necessarily results in connection moving among them, in communication. This is fair. Nevertheless, let's look at this problem at a different angle: coexistence within the limits of variety raises for a discrete living unit a question of obtaining the recognition of being equal among the other units. Of course, we are speaking of mutual recognition. “The act of recognition” realization demands some “introduction”, entrance act and mechanism, and no mechanism except “ identification ” can play this role: only by identification of another discretion as “identical” to oneself one can recognize it and provide it with some general and may be some special “rights”. And the first “right” is the right to exist together, among “the same units”.

And it is logical here to come to the principle, which in my opinion can be called the general law of living substances existence. I mean the active self demonstration for identification and recognition : a “unit”, in order to be “identified” and then “recognized”, must “present” itself somehow in front of the other “units”. What does it have in its complete ownership that it can “show” and show actively, directed, i.e. demonstrative? Of course, its corporality, its corpus. Thus the body becomes not only the object of organic existence, but also the mean of actively directed communication, influence upon different from this particular “unit discretion” substances. There is no doubt that this logical model is a kind of simplification. In fact, the living things existence from the beginning was forming not only as an “organism”, but also as a “communicative, self demonstrative organism”. An individual that can't adequately demonstrate itself, and thus achieve recognition, is condemned to death. It can be observed at every level of living life and there are lots of examples of this.

Speaking of the body, one should mean not only the outside organism cover, but also its functions and secretions, which can obtain signal qualities: different soundings, smell of excretions and secretions of endocrine glands, ejections, electric discharges, phosphorescence, e.t.c. All the above mentioned in various forms and combinations obtained a function of identification signal for different living kinds. Evolutionary similar varieties (especially flowers, insects and birds) are literally using nuances of “corporally functional' signs: an additional spot in coloration, an extra stripe, a little bit different body outline, sound timbre, “voice key”, or, as chaffinch has, a special song melody with an individual “flourish” in the end. The purpose of such nuances in body demonstration, appearance and corporal function displays is only identification and recognition, but also seizure of close varieties, not to allow the cross between breeds, because they smell, look, sound different.

The phenomenon of recognition and convergence in united plurality

We have already mentioned the next step of interaction – it is “recognition”. If the first stage of interaction is completed without a hitch, the next step follows – a “discrete unit” should be recognized as “one of us” by another “discrete unit” and by all variety (colony, herd, flock, family). Identified but not recognized individual is condemned to death from expulsion or direct physical extermination, as it happens when the rats meet a related rat without their native pack smell. It often happens also with a zebra or an antelope that dropped behind the herd, when it finds its herd again: the changed in its absence hierarchy of the herd sometimes does not accept it. But more often joyful homecoming with identification and recognition happens (but certainly with pauses for identification and recognition when the individual which was absent waits for its fate with impatience). The same can be observed within many predator classes that lead family pack way of life.

We have come to the following scenario plan of “discrete units within the variety” behavior: self demonstration for recognition takes place, and all the “units” are engaged in this process every day and more often every moment; at the same time identification and recognition of each other occurs, for that purpose the signals of “recognition and approval” exist. This “communicative friendliness” is by all means necessary not only for coexistence in the variety but also for supporting active vitality of the variety, for atmosphere of coexistence consistency and stability. Thus identification and recognition produce cohesion, discrete monolith unity, “joy”, “soul comfort” from this solidity. For higher animals, especially leading sociable way of existence, there is no need to prove this “joyful emotionality” of their “unity” – it is an integral part of their being. So demonstrative forms of behavior are essential, cementing “discrete variety”, without them existence of all living things is unthinkable.

Being noticed (function of distinguishing), being identified (function of address demonstrative expression) are steps to being recognized as “one of the rest”, the same, with indispensable confirmation of it. An animal demonstrate itself and waits for a signal that it is identified and recognized as “one of us”. Only thereafter it calms down and starts a new address demonstrative portion – for possession, for contact. But without identification and recognition this more actual stage of behavior is impossible.

Speaking of recognition phenomenon, I don't mean what is usually implied by these words in human communication, i.e. recognition of superiority, services, authority, e.t.c. Although, as we will see further, it is also present in higher forms of animal interactions, especially in sociably hierarchical ones. By recognition we mean the act of joining one's discrete variety, one's population. Identified but not recognized means rejected. Sufferings of the rejected individual are brilliantly shown in a story of ugly duckling. One of the main communication problems in childhood and adolescence is to be not only identified but recognized as “one of us”, accepted to a company. Rejection is a torture for young individual in any time, and in order to be recognized teenagers sometimes can do everything, even commit a crime, allow themselves any deviation in behavior up to drugs, early sexual relations, smoking and drinking alcohol. And the phenomenon of being unrecognized is dangerous by its consequences for the simplest organisms just as it is for human beings. Etiologists have long time ago discovered a so-called “group effect”- a mighty sociable survival form.

Maybe that's why children and teenagers gather in groups, like to sit close to each other, feeling themselves flowing into one mass, they hide in cramped closets, under the beds and always in groups with the people of the same age. It gives them a special feeling of unity, accord, and some inexplicable delight from the density. Most likely it is a phylogenetic atavism that comes from a multimillion identification-recognition evolution, it is the same biological and sociable “group effect”. A.Block made an ironic note in his diary: ”As soon as I put on a cap and get on the tram, a desire for pushing arises”. Pushing each other is perhaps the most childish and young condition of living things that demonstrates unity, belonging to kith and kin, that provides an effect of protection and continuation in time, some located in genome biological comfort. An anguish for congestion will be always present in human behavior no matter how comfort and solitary a man becomes. V.Terner called these solidarity mass uniting acts, when class, property and any other social differences disappear, and unity, solidarity and “we” feeling come in the foreground, “communitas”. He supposed that it is a common quality of the human kind without which as a matter of principle the human kind is impossible ( just as without social hierarchy).

I believe that the phenomenon “communitas” can be considered as a common quality of all “discrete varieties”. We can observe something like “comfort from discrete units convergence” even on the unicellular substances level. It is known that colonial unicellular organisms were a precondition for multicellular form appearance. Their daughter cells don't separate from the maternal ones after reproduction, they exist in direct contact. Since they mostly are, like all the unicellular organisms, the receiving part in informative interactions, they are able to accomplish only the most primitive types of mutual information exchange, for example connected with their physical contact information. The external information from environment is accepted and realized by each member of the colony independently. Their joint activity is limited by the factor of united body creation that has higher vitality according to its physical parameters than its components. The example of amoebas' behavior, which were not colonial organisms but still were able to create temporary colonies, is interesting in this connection. Being hungry they let out a substance (one of the DNA components), which is recognized by the other units as a signal that makes them come closer and form groups. A united mucus (similar to a colonial organism) is formed. This mucus can move for considerably larger distances than separate amoebas when influenced by surroundings. During this process amoebas don't spend their energy for moving and that's why live longer in conditions of energy shortage. Reaching nourishing milieu, the mucus falls into separate amoebas, and they act as “independent individuals” again.

The “communitas” signal seems to be one of the basic fascinations of living things, which lead sociable and social way of life, and one of them - tactile “stroking signal”- plays a special role. Such signals unite ant and bee communities: ants and bees rub against each other, lick, touch each other with their feelers, e.t.c. During the whale's breeding games he-whale and she-whale touch each other with their flippers, stroke each other, interlace their tails, swim together, jump out of the water at the same time. Many herd animals rub against each other, form groups, sleep together rolling into a ball. Almost all the young animals literally stick to their mothers, sometimes this contact lasts for several years, for example, among monkeys. Among chimpanzees just a small contact with fingertips gives the animals confidence, good emotional disposition. Among the primitive tribes density is normal: common huts, clubs, rituals, touching each other are also etiquette rules and necessities for supporting psychological comfort, unity and protection feeling, total friendliness demonstration. In any time a people in love rub against each other, hug, kiss, stroke, touch each other every minute. People who express sympathy to each other possess the same kinetics but to a smaller degree: they touch each other's hands, shoulders, tap each other on the shoulder, and hug. The greetings of many peoples are not limited by friendly look and some distant sign (the nod of the head, lifting hand, e.t.c.) but include a ritual touch of some body part (of shoulder, chest, nose tip, shaking hands) or hugging as it is usual among Muslims, and some peoples go further – touch each other's genitals and hugging hips when greeting each other.

  Behavior actualization. Actualized body demonstrativeness

A question arises: does the necessity of self demonstration for living substances exist outside identification and recognition limits? And if it also essential, for what purpose and in what way is it accomplished?

Obviously, the more complicated the body (type) is, the larger is the number of its connections with the outside milieu, the more polyfunctional it is: each need dictates its connections and its ways of satisfaction. It means that together with the rest, each need demands a special “tuning” of the living thing, all its organism and its separate parts and functions. Thus, a shortage of nutritious for the organism substances leads through the homeostasis system a need for food to the foreground, activates hormone system causing feeling of hunger, which, in its turn, provokes a passionate emotional desire to satisfy this feeling, get rid of hunger sufferings, and an animal is motivated to aspiration and actions aimed at searching the object of feeding. All this complicated mechanism can be called an actualization if the living thing for food. It is clear that this way actualized organism cancels all the rest possible actualizations, turns them off as interfering, pointless, inessential in this particular moment. Nevertheless, the actual milieu sometimes leads the animals to collision and interlacing of actualizations. One can say that the needs conflict leads to the actualizations conflict. Having passed thousands of miles to the Nil shore, zebras and antelopes find not only beneficial water but also lots of crocodiles waiting for them. Organism actualization for satisfying thirst pushes them to the water. The instinct of danger avoidance keeps them back – a possible death waits for them in the water. But dehydrated organism is also death! Unquenchable suffering from thirst wins. But in situations when there is no mortal interlacing of actualizations, the actualization which is stronger at the moment wins: tomtits never switch to a sexual intercourse if they are hungry or occupied with eating.

Thus, the actualization of the living thing behavior is a regulation of its entire organism for particular life needs satisfaction. Actualization launching takes place by means of desire, longing, which are in their turn determined by actions of hormone systems that display the organism needs. Spinoza in his study of affects seems to be the first who formed the chain of body stimulation to activity – starting from desire as a basic affect up to various needs satisfaction, up to creative cognition.

The basic actualizations are in the first place actualizations for food and water, for a sexual partner, for security and protection, for uniting with “similar ones” (the last is well confirmed by a so called “group effect”) and interaction with the individuals of other “useful” kinds.

Each type of actualization contains its perception and reaction system, including body adjustment for particular types of signals. Some signals and body adjustments can have the same forms in different situations but their content meaning changes (but as a rule signal acquires some distinctive nuances). Thus, the stickleback's red belly can be a signal of aggression when the male defends his territory and it is also a signal for attracting a female. The “offering” pose can be used by many monkeys as a signal for copulation and also as a signal of concession in a conflict and obedience demonstration.

The necessity of dynamic interaction which displays itself every minute, every hour and every day as a life drama of each particular animal, impels to protection reactions, collaboration or to rivalry. Depending on what need comes to the foreground and in what conditions the living thing is. We propose to call this concrete individual adjustment for satisfaction of this or that need, organism mobilization for reaching the object of need - situative selective actualization. We mean in the first place the circumstance that even the simplest organisms are polymorphous, or maybe more exactly – polyphonic, as they possess not one but several needs, the most important of which are certainly the needs for food and water (some quantity of organic and inorganic substances for life continuation), need for security, for one's body protection, for reproduction. It is clear that being under the power of hunger an individual cannot simultaneously rise to the task of searching a partner for reproduction. A special tuning of organism, including the whole system of chemical and hormone processes and related feelings in optimal action, up to regulation of milieu perception systems, corresponds to each need (in this respect a successful metaphor that during the breeding time a wood-grouse doesn't hear anything and can be caught with one's bare hands is not accidental). Actualization for a concrete need is a major evolutional achievement of all the living things which allowed the living system to become more complicated and perfect; differentiate its behavior and thus reache need satisfaction more optimal; develop and adjust adaptation and survival instruments. The living things became more diverse, functionally richer, and more productive in terms of adaptation and natural selection.

There is no behavior actualization without its display in the animal body. Corporal changes - that's what takes place within the bounds of this or that actualization. Moreover, an animal demonstrates itself and its actualization, and it is an existential fact, a way of animal subsistence and survival. Let's make a suggestion that the law of actual address demonstration exists side by side with the law of selective actualization.

Etiologists could not find the explanation of the following fact: South African antelopes often pasture not far from the lion family, paying no attention to their movements, games, yawns. But as soon as the lion stands up to go hunting antelopes stand in danger set and give a signal. And “for antelopes to start running away it is not enough for lion to just stand up. Important are some peculiarities in the lion behavior which can't be clearly described by the observer but which show the antelopes without any mistake that the lion is going hunting”. How did the antelope ascertain that the lion is actualizing for hunting? It is quite possible that by a special lion behavior mood, by its energetics caused by selective actualization, by the body and organism vibes for hunting. Etiologist does not notice any differences in the lion body; antelope, as the position of lion is a question of life and death , feels, notices changes and comes to a condition of its selective life saving actualization, whereas a second ago it was in the state of food actualization.

Maybe the brightest phenomenon of body and appearance demonstration is a signal animal behavior during the breeding period. Actualization for a sexual partner search, nest building, dating, and coupling is accompanied among many living things by demonstration of poses, coloration, “dances” and rituals. Signal demonstration is not enough for identification and recognition. In addition a whole arsenal of demonstrative behavior forms and signals is necessary.. The number of sexual partner finding and attracting ways in the animal world is innumerable.

Innumerable are also ways and forms of actual body and appearance demonstration by human beings.

  Competition, choice, demonstration

All actualizations of animal behavior realize not only in interaction with the environment, but also in interaction with individuals of the same and other living kinds. And it means, together with the rest, interest and desire collision, struggle, competition. The law of natural selection is severe and inevitable - only the strongest, the best, the most adjusted continues the breed existence. It dictates actualization of competition, rivalry, selection of the best.

Thus, evolution functions of body and appearance demonstration are aimed at the best sexual partner choice, more optimal for a breed development and class continuations, and also selection of leader, guide, one's own place in the hierarchy that are optimal for a variety.

A female within many varieties of living things chooses a male according to his demonstrative image and behavior. A male prefers often to fascinate by his demonstration the female who demonstrates the best features in her appearance: movement energetics, symmetry, fascinating biological scent, e.t.c. - as a rule, a female of the best breed has all these attributes correlated and they influence a male as a fascine, i.e. enchanting look. Such female so to say demonstrates her best reproductivity. That's how the choice of optimal, of the best is realized in the nature of sexual communication and dating - through demonstrating. R.Dokins wonderfully illustrated this in his famous book “A selfish gene”.

Selection of an individual who takes a leader status in sociable organizations happens according to a similar scheme: rivalry is realized most often not by physical influence but by reaching superiority in tournament demonstrations.

This mechanism is the same in human communication, especially sexual. The purpose of smartening oneself up, coquetry, and the other forms of demonstrative behavior is to draw attention, indicate one's exclusiveness or, in any case, significance and prettiness in a competition for a partner attracting. A mutual choice – that's the basis of sexual communication, affection and love. Without demonstrative behavior a choice would be excluded and relations would come to simplified occasional contacts, without search, anxiety, tension and aspiration for becoming and showing oneself as the best, exclusive. It is natural that in such relationship variant the formation possibility of optimal biological pairs that give optimal posterity and thus a contribution in the ethnos genofond, which creates a basis for an ethnos' improvement, strengthening and better adaptation, decreases. We don't speak even of life and energy dramatic composition; their loss in this variant would reduce biological ethnos potency that would also belittle its adaptation and reproduction function. The energy of dating, choosing and love is the energy of increasing biological human possibilities for survival, and it would not exist without demonstration and choice. In short, demonstration is a basic biological function of living things, which creates possibilities for active influence on the choice of the best variant of sexual and social connections by individuals. A choice is a perception and an active attitude to demonstrative behavior of the other individuals, it is inclusion of all individuals in the body market, in the process of reproduction.

From the point of view of demonstrative behavior inevitability one can confirm the thing that was inferred above – discretion of the living things as unavoidable form of the organism evolution presumes existence of some variety of individuals, each of them being forced to offer himself for utilization in order be included in life, in its continuation, in the hierarchy of individuals association. And an individual can offer himself only by self demonstration, self showing and definitely from the optimally possible side. It is a kind of displaying the goods at the market. The only difference is that while flirting the individual himself also makes a comparison of the other individuals from the point of view of their usefulness, attractiveness and thus makes a choice himself. Thus the life of individuals associations is an enduring permanent process of mutual influence and choice, demonstration for the sake of choice. On this basis joining into pairs, families, associations takes place, and also life movement, its reproduction in forms of a class, a tribe, an ethnos.

A choice is a fundamental quality of the living things psychology, just as interlaced with it and accompanied by it demonstrative behavior is. “Being and seeming”- that's the mighty dialectics of discretely organismic living things from amoeba to human being. And the human being demonstrates the most developed, various and versatile demonstrative forms in all the spheres of social life and first of all in sexual and hierarchical sphere. Showing oneself in all one's glory in order to be selected and to receive a possibility of the optimally wide choice - that's the law of all the living thing. It is the necessity of choice that gives rise to such a phenomenon as demonstrative rivalry, competition. Among many animals and birds such competition and rivalry take a form of complicated colored rituals, giving “gifts” and so on. Without a necessity of choice the necessity of one's body and appearance, one's sexual and leader potentials demonstration would not exist.

Optimality of demonstration forms and fascination.

  Directed body and appearance demonstration is realized in the form of two major kinds of demonstrative behavior – “frightening off” and “attracting”. The function of attracting expresses itself in such forms as enchanting, provoking trust and sympathy, seduction, attracting mimicry. Frightening off provides security and expresses itself in the forms of avoiding dangerous contacts, warning of danger, defending from “enemies”, realizing hierarchical relations within the “united plurality”. Frightening off also expresses itself in “causing fear”, active seizure, anger, fury and hysteria demonstration, scaring away mimicry. In existential plan frightening off is the foundation of Aggression existential, and attracting is the basis of Care (altruism) existential. Care and Aggression form the unity of socially hierarchical behavior of all the living things, ensuring their survival and reproduction.

Actualizations demands from all the living things intention rigging, a special adequate signal code. It is not information (or not in the first place information), but fascination that is phylogenetically a primary form of “singleness” self-assertion and active influence of discrete living substances on each other. It is necessary to attract, summon, scare, direct so that “misunderstandings ” and inadequate reactions should be excluded. It means that fascinating and frightening signal should be redundantly effective, not missing their aim, hitting the bull's eye. Such signal must be fascinative, drawing attention instantly, hitting “the center of pleasure and fear”. Maya Plisetskaya expressed this law in a different context, but very exactly (in one TV program) by fascinative words: “In the beginning there was no Word. There was a Gesture”. Inevitably and inexorably, by the power of law, actualized behavior of living things started taking fascinative forms, living substances began to smell passionately, glow brightly, sound, vibrate , “distend”, splash out different liquids, create vortices, eject spurt and electric discharges, e.t.c. But it's not enough. Each of these signals could be effective only if it possessed superabundance, reliability, absolute penetrability into perceiving systems of the addressees. Such signals were supplemented by such forms of fascination, as the highest energetics, repetitions, rhythms, dissonances, intensifiers. Fascinative signalization development among many living things reached the brink of survival danger – if only the signal “became more noticeable and would be recognized easier”. This explains these whimsical colorations of plants, fish, birds, insects. This way “a success of males with the most smart “costumes” was the origin of almost absurd male decorations”.

In the role of redundant irrefutable impact fascination became, on one hand, a dramatic mean of communication which decreases the entropy of sociable and social organizations (just think of extravagant and sensational fascinations in a human society!), one the other hand, - an optimal “management and organizational” mean (it's enough to examine the forms of management fascinations of leaders in all social structures, both animal and human). The logical conclusion is that the law of actual demonstration of body and appearance in animal and human world would be impossible without fascination. It is fascination that filled actual behavior with such demonstrative forms and signals which allowed the living substances to reach their goal - choose, compete, enjoy unity, reach success and stable genus continuation. It means - life.

Literature:

1 Лоренц К. Агрессия (так называемое зло). С-Пг., "Амфора", 2001, с.22
2 Пьер Тейяр де Шарден. Феномен человека. М., "Наука", 1987, с.230-233
3 Лоренц К.. Там же, с. 34
4 Вернадский В. И. Философские мысли натуралиста. М., "Наука", 1988, с.272
5 Пьер Тейяр де Шарден. Там же, с. 73, 82
6 Пьер Тейяр де Шарден. Там же, с. 80
7 Хайнд Р. Поведение животных. М., "Мир", 1975, с. 481
8 Тэрнер В. Символ и ритуал. М., 1983.
9 Шовен Р. Поведение животных. М., "Мир",1972, с.363
10 Шовен Р. Там же, с. 50
11 Шовен Р. Там же, с. 40
12 Майр Э. Популяции, виды и эволюция. М., "Мир", 1974, с. 134

на карту